Abstract

This Meta EIP documents all the proposals for Glamsterdam related to the gas repricing effort. The goal of this effort is to harmonize gas costs across the EVM, thereby reducing the impact of specific bottlenecks on scaling. Proposals include changes to the cost of single EVM operations, as well as bigger changes to the gas model. This Meta EIP is purely informational and does not aim to have an active role in the governance process for the Glamsterdam fork. Instead, it serves as a directory for all repricing-related proposals, helping to organize the work and keeping the community informed about the status of each EIP.

Motivation

The main objective of the Glamsterdam fork is to improve L1 scalability. A crucial aspect of this initiative is to create a better alignment between gas costs and actual resource usage. Currently, the gas model often misprices operations, resulting in inefficiencies and unintended incentives. For instance, within the pure compute operations, there is a high variance in execution time per gas unit, which indicates that a single unit of computation is not priced equally across the various opcodes.

By standardizing gas costs across EVM operations and other resources, we can reduce bottlenecks and enhance the utilization of EVM resources, which will subsequently enable further scalability. The EIPs listed below constitute a significant first step in that direction. We expect that further iteration will be necessary in future hardforks.

Specification

This Meta EIP includes two types of EIPs, namely, core and possible additions. This list will continue to be updated as more gas repricing EIPs are proposed.

Core EIPs

EIP	Description	Type	Status
EIP-2780	Reduce intrinsic transaction gas and charge 25k when a value transfer creates a new account.	Multi-resource	Proposed for Inclusion
EIP-7778	Prevent Block Gas Limit Circumvention by Excluding Refunds from Block Gas Accounting.	General Accounting	Proposed for Inclusion
EIP-7904	Gas Cost Repricing to reflect computational complexity and transaction throughput increase	Compute	Proposed for Inclusion
EIP-7981	Introduce floor pricing for access lists to reduce maximum block size.	Data	Proposed for Inclusion
EIP-8032	Makes SSTORE gas cost scale with a contract's storage size to discourage state bloat.	State	Proposed for Inclusion
EIP-8037	Harmonization and increase of state creation gas costs to mitigate state growth and unblock scaling.	State	Proposed for Inclusion
EIP-8038	Increases the gas cost of state-access operations to reflect Ethereum’s larger state.	State	Proposed for Inclusion

Possible additions

EIP	Description	Type	Status
EIP-7667	Raise the gas costs of hash function opcodes and precompiles, to match prover expenses in ZK-EVMs.	Compute	Proposed for Inclusion
EIP-7923	Linearize Memory Costing and replace the current quadratic formula with a page-based cost model.	Memory	Proposed for Inclusion
EIP-7976	Further increase calldata cost to 15/60 gas per byte to reduce maximum block size.	Data	Proposed for Inclusion

Rationale

Discussed in the individual EIPs.

Security Considerations

Discussed in the individual EIPs.

Copyright

Copyright and related rights waived via CC0.